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Libya and weapons of mass destruction
Libya possesses chemical weapons and ballistic missiles and previously pursued nuclear weapons under the leadership of Muammar Gaddafi. On 19 December 2003, Gaddafi announced that Libya would voluntarily eliminate all materials, equipment and programs that could lead to internationally proscribed weapons, including weapons of mass destruction and long-range ballistic missiles.〔(Chronology of Libya's Disarmament and Relations with the United States ), Arms Control Association.〕〔(News Update on IAEA & Libya ), Chronology of Key Events, (December 2003 - September 2008), International Atomic Energy Agency.〕 Libya signed the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) in 1968 and ratified it in 1975, and concluded a safeguards agreement with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in 1980.〔(GOV/2004/12 ), Implementation of the NPT Safeguards Agreement of the Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Report by the Director General, International Atomic Energy Agency, 20 February 2004.〕 The United States and the United Kingdom assisted Libya in removing equipment and material from its nuclear weapons program, with independent verification by the IAEA.〔
Libya acceded to the Chemical Weapons Convention effective 5 February 2004〔(The Chemical Weapons Convention Enters Into Force in Libya ), Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, 2 February 2004.〕 and began destroying its chemical munitions later that year, but missed the deadlines for converting one chemical weapons production facility to peaceful use and for destroying its stockpile of mustard agent. In October 2014, Libya asked for foreign assistance to transport its 850 tonnes stockpile of precursor chemicals for making nerve gas out of Libya for destruction.〔 In February 2015, Libyan military sources told media that unidentified armed men have captured large amounts of Libya’s chemical weapons, including mustard gas and sarin.〔〔
==Nuclear program==
Since Libya's efforts to rollback its clandestine nuclear program in late 2003, Libya had sought to nuclear weapons program, allegedly to counter the covert Israeli nuclear program.〔 In July 1968, Libya became signatory party of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) under King Idris, ratifying the NPT treaty in 1975 under Colonel Muammar Gaddafi as well as concluding the IAEA safeguards agreement with the USSR in 1980. In 1981, the Soviet Union supplied a 10 MW research reactor at Tajura.〔
During the 1980s, Gaddafi had reportedly employed an illicit nuclear proliferation networks and various black market sources, including Swiss nuclear engineer Friedrich Tinner, to start developing the nuclear weapons.〔 However, by the time its nuclear program was roll back by Muammar Gaddafi, with an assistance from the U.S. and IAEA, Libya's nuclear program remained in very early developmental and initial stages.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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